KERJA SAMA INDONESIA–NORWEGIA DALAM IMPLEMENTASI RESULT-BASED CONTRIBUTION UNTUK PENGURANGAN EMISI DARI DEFORESTASI DAN DEGRADASI HUTAN PERIODE 2020–2025
Keywords:
International Cooperation, Indonesia–Norway, Result-Based Contribution, Deforestation, Climate Change.Abstract
Climate change represents a global challenge requiring international cooperation, particularly in reducing greenhouse gas emissions resulting from deforestation and forest degradation. This study aims to analyze the implementation of Indonesia–Norway cooperation through the Result-Based Contribution (RBC) mechanism in supporting forest-sector emission reductions during 2020–2025. This research employs a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytical approach, utilizing literature reviews and official document analysis. Robert O. Keohane's liberal institutionalism theory provides the analytical framework for examining shared interests, institutional roles, and bilateral cooperation mechanisms. The findings indicate that Indonesia–Norway cooperation underwent institutional restructuring through a renewed agreement in 2022 following the termination of the previous partnership in 2021. The RBC mechanism was implemented through financial contributions based on verified emission reductions, with Norway's total contributions reaching USD216 million by 2025. Nevertheless, increased deforestation in 2024 demonstrates persistent challenges in ensuring sustainable forest protection. The study concludes that the RBC mechanism strengthens environmental diplomacy and climate financing. However, its long-term effectiveness depends on transparency, accountability, and consistent implementation of Indonesia's forest governance policies.
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