Paradoks Tata Kelola Kolaboratif dalam Birokrasi Indonesia: Analisis Kritis Fenomena Collaborative Inertia melalui Perspektif O’Flynn dan Wanna

Abstract

The transformation of public governance from conventional bureaucracy toward collaborative governance represents a response to the increasing complexity of wicked problems that can no longer be effectively addressed through hierarchical and sectoral administrative approaches. However, the implementation of collaborative governance in Indonesia continues to reveal a fundamental contradiction between the formal expansion of interinstitutional cooperation and its limited effectiveness in producing substantive public policy outcomes. This study aims to critically examine collaborative inertia within Indonesian bureaucracy through the theoretical perspectives of Janine O’Flynn and John Wanna. Employing a qualitative research design, the study adopts a literature-based approach and descriptive-critical analysis of academic scholarship and contemporary governance dynamics. The analysis indicates that collaborative inertia arises not merely from inadequate interagency coordination but also from fragmented authority, sectoral interests, overlapping regulations, unequal power relations, and entrenched patronage practices that undermine mutual trust and collective accountability. The study argues that effective collaborative governance requires institutional transformation through facilitative leadership, bureaucratic flexibility, stakeholder trust, and outcome-oriented collaborative performance evaluation. Ultimately, collaboration should be understood as a process of redistributing authority and responsibility rather than merely establishing formal administrative coordination among government institutions.